1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Bess [88]
3 years ago
7

The chain of command is an unbroken line of authority that extends from the top of the organization to the lowest echelon and cl

arifies who reports to whom. The principle of​ ________ helps preserve the concept of an unbroken line of authority.
Computers and Technology
1 answer:
Leto [7]3 years ago
8 0

Answer: Unity of command principle

Explanation:

 The chain of command is basically defined as the command which is unbroken line of the authority and extends the level of the organization from top to lowest level echelon. It basically clarifies the individual report.

The unit of command is the principle that helps to preserve the main concept of the line of authority in an organization.

Most of the organization finds very effective way of command. The unit of command basically help to preserve this chain of command authority and also preserve it from the various structural characteristic of matrix as it break the unit of command.

You might be interested in
It takes 2 seconds to read or write one block from/to disk and it also takes 1 second of CPU time to merge one block of records.
Alexxx [7]

Answer:

Part a: For optimal 4-way merging, initiate with one dummy run of size 0 and merge this with the 3 smallest runs. Than merge the result to the remaining 3 runs to get a merged run of length 6000 records.

Part b: The optimal 4-way  merging takes about 249 seconds.

Explanation:

The complete question is missing while searching for the question online, a similar question is found which is solved as below:

Part a

<em>For optimal 4-way merging, we need one dummy run with size 0.</em>

  1. Merge 4 runs with size 0, 500, 800, and 1000 to produce a run with a run length of 2300. The new run length is calculated as follows L_{mrg}=L_0+L_1+L_2+L_3=0+500+800+1000=2300
  2. Merge the run as made in step 1 with the remaining 3 runs bearing length 1000, 1200, 1500. The merged run length is 6000 and is calculated as follows

       L_{merged}=L_{mrg}+L_4+L_5+L_6=2300+1000+1200+1500=6000

<em>The resulting run has length 6000 records</em>.

Part b

<u><em>For step 1</em></u>

Input Output Time

Input Output Time is given as

T_{I.O}=\frac{L_{run}}{Size_{block}} \times Time_{I/O \, per\,  block}

Here

  • L_run is 2300 for step 01
  • Size_block is 100 as given
  • Time_{I/O per block} is 2 sec

So

T_{I.O}=\frac{L_{run}}{Size_{block}} \times Time_{I/O \, per\,  block}\\T_{I.O}=\frac{2300}{100} \times 2 sec\\T_{I.O}=46 sec

So the input/output time is 46 seconds for step 01.

CPU  Time

CPU Time is given as

T_{CPU}=\frac{L_{run}}{Size_{block}} \times Time_{CPU \, per\,  block}

Here

  • L_run is 2300 for step 01
  • Size_block is 100 as given
  • Time_{CPU per block} is 1 sec

So

T_{CPU}=\frac{L_{run}}{Size_{block}} \times Time_{CPU \, per\,  block}\\T_{CPU}=\frac{2300}{100} \times 1 sec\\T_{CPU}=23 sec

So the CPU  time is 23 seconds for step 01.

Total time in step 01

T_{step-01}=T_{I.O}+T_{CPU}\\T_{step-01}=46+23\\T_{step-01}=69 sec\\

Total time in step 01 is 69 seconds.

<u><em>For step 2</em></u>

Input Output Time

Input Output Time is given as

T_{I.O}=\frac{L_{run}}{Size_{block}} \times Time_{I/O \, per\,  block}

Here

  • L_run is 6000 for step 02
  • Size_block is 100 as given
  • Time_{I/O per block} is 2 sec

So

T_{I.O}=\frac{L_{run}}{Size_{block}} \times Time_{I/O \, per\,  block}\\T_{I.O}=\frac{6000}{100} \times 2 sec\\T_{I.O}=120 sec

So the input/output time is 120 seconds for step 02.

CPU  Time

CPU Time is given as

T_{CPU}=\frac{L_{run}}{Size_{block}} \times Time_{CPU \, per\,  block}

Here

  • L_run is 6000 for step 02
  • Size_block is 100 as given
  • Time_{CPU per block} is 1 sec

So

T_{CPU}=\frac{L_{run}}{Size_{block}} \times Time_{CPU \, per\,  block}\\T_{CPU}=\frac{6000}{100} \times 1 sec\\T_{CPU}=60 sec

So the CPU  time is 60 seconds for step 02.

Total time in step 02

T_{step-02}=T_{I.O}+T_{CPU}\\T_{step-02}=120+60\\T_{step-02}=180 sec\\

Total time in step 02 is 180 seconds

Merging Time (Total)

<em>Now  the total time for merging is given as </em>

T_{merge}=T_{step-01}+T_{step-02}\\T_{merge}=69+180\\T_{merge}=249 sec\\

Total time in merging is 249 seconds seconds

5 0
3 years ago
Zohan uses the following analogy to describe a concept of object-oriented programming. A button can have many uses. When it is p
Vika [28.1K]

Answer:

Polymorphism

Explanation:

You can have a basic button class that gets inherited by other classes.

class Button {

function pushButton(){}

}

class ElevatorButton extends Button{};

class BigRedButton extends Button{};

With these new classes, they inherit from the basic button class. They can decide what happens when the method pushButton() is called.

You don't need to worry about what pushButton() actually does, you can just call it if the object is of the type "Button" and you can expect it to work.

4 0
2 years ago
1. image-editing software
Snezhnost [94]
  • PDF:-Portable Document Format
  • Database software:-software that organizes a collection of information
  • image-editing software :-software used to enhance photographs
  • presentation software :-software used to create a slide show
  • CAD:-software used to create technical drawings.

Done

8 0
2 years ago
Assuming a 32bit processor If I have a double pointer defined as dPtr and I add 1 to it. How many bytes are added to the address
Anni [7]

Answer:

Theoretically one could design an architecture that would address 16 GB of memory with 32-bits of unique addresses.

Explanation:

4 0
2 years ago
All of the following are true about solid axles, EXCEPT:
irakobra [83]
Except that solid axles do. It have a break in it
5 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • Compare a switch to a router.
    8·2 answers
  • Which method allows a computer to react accordingly when it requests data from a server and the server takes too long to respond
    5·1 answer
  • If num is an int which expression always evaluates to true if num holds an odd number
    14·1 answer
  • . What is automated testing?
    10·1 answer
  • The interaction between information technology and organizations is influenced___________.A) solely by the decision making of mi
    12·1 answer
  • Python
    6·1 answer
  • (Correct Answer Recieves Brainliest)
    8·2 answers
  • In numpy to append two arreys vertically the function __ is used
    12·2 answers
  • The first person to say something in here will get brainliested.
    7·2 answers
  • Suppose the cache access time is 10ns, main memory access time is 200ns, and the cache hit rate is 90%. Assuming parallel (overl
    10·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!