Life needs energy, water, heat and nutrients. Reduce the availability of one or more of those things and biodiversity generally decreases.
Tropical forests tend to be more diverse than polar ice caps. However, arctic seas tend to be more biologically interesting than the middle of the Sahara. I bet this is what your homework is looking for but it's important to remember there are counterexamples.
Scoville units is the scale used to determine how "hot" a pepper is.
A sweet bell pepper, which isn't spicy at all, has a ranking of 0.
The Carolina Reaper, one of the hottest peppers in the world, has a ranking of up to 2,200,000.
The answer is D) denser plates slide under lighter plates
I believe the answer is A. Mosses and lichens because bacteria and fungi cause soil formation.