Answer:
Biología celular o citología: rama de la biología que se centra en el estudio de la estructura y función de las células. Biología del desarrollo: es la rama que analiza cómo es el desarrollo de los seres vivos desde que se conciben hasta que nacen.
Answer:
The Fifteenth Amendment gave the right to vote to former slaves and people of color. Well, the Nineteenth Amendment gave the right to vote to women, and the Twenty-third, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-sixth amendments gave representation to the District of Columbia, outlaw poll taxes, and lowered the voting age to 18.
A neuromuscular junction (or myoneural junction) is a chemical synapse formed by the contact between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber.[1] It is at the neuromuscular junction that a motor neuron is able to transmit a signal to the muscle fiber, causing muscle contraction.
Muscles require innervation to function—and even just to maintain muscle tone, avoiding atrophy. Synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction begins when an action potential reaches the presynaptic terminal of a motor neuron, which activates voltage-dependent calcium channels to allow calcium ions to enter the neuron. Calcium ions bind to sensor proteins (synaptotagmin) on synaptic vesicles, triggering vesicle fusion with the cell membrane and subsequent neurotransmitter release from the motor neuron into the synaptic cleft. In vertebrates, motor neurons release acetylcholine (ACh), a small molecule neurotransmitter, which diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on the cell membrane of the muscle fiber, also known as the sarcolemma. nAChRs are ionotropic receptors, meaning they serve as ligand-gated ion channels. The binding of ACh to the receptor can depolarize the muscle fiber, causing a cascade that eventually results in muscle contraction.
Neuromuscular junction diseases can be of genetic and autoimmune origin. Genetic disorders, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, can arise from mutated structural proteins that comprise the neuromuscular junction, whereas autoimmune diseases, such as myasthenia gravis, occur when antibodies are produced against nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the sarcolemma.
About the question:
I failed to find the complete question with the Punnett square, so in the answer and explanation I will propose five options for crosses between dogs with different genotypes, and for each option, I will remark the percent of the offspring that is expected to have wirehair. You just need to look for the option that matches your Punnett Square.
Answer:
- Option 1: HH x HH ----> 100% of the progeny is wire-haired, HH
- Option 2: HH x Hh---> 100% of the progeny is wire-haired, HH + Hh
- Option 3: Hh x Hh --->75% of the progeny is wire-haired, 25% HH + 75% Hh
- Option 4: Hh x hh ---> 50% of the progeny is wire-haired, Hh
- Option 5: hh x hh ----> 0% of the progeny is wire-haired
Explanation:
You will find the complete explanation in the attached files due to technical problems
The correct option is B.
An alteration in an individual's gene may either be beneficial or detrimental. If the alteration in the gene sequence confers a genetic advantage on the individual then the alteration is beneficial but it the alteration confers a genetic disadvantage on the individual, then the alteration is detrimental.
