The process of two species evolving together because of interdependence is called coevolution.
Coevolution is the process in which two or more species affect each other’s evolution and mutually depend on each other due to their close ecological interaction. Some pollinators (such as insects, birds) and flowering plants have coevolved for mutual benefit. For example the bird pollinated flowers (ornithophilous) and Humming birds have special adaptions and have evolved a mutualistic relationship. The shape of the flowers fits the birds’ bills and they also possess nectar that suits the bird’s diets. Also, the birds breeding seasons and the blooming period of the flowers have been found to occur at the same time.
Water (H2O) can be called a molecule or a compound because it is made of hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms. There are two main types of chemical bonds that hold atoms together: covalent and ionic/electrovalent bonds. Atoms that share electrons in a chemical bond have covalent bonds.
Total 18 ATP are produced because 9 FADH2 are converted into 9 ATP molecules and the earlier 9 ATP molecules are already present in the first b-oxidation process. The first Krebs cycle produces 27 NADH, 9 FADH2 and 9 ATP while on the other hand, the second Krebs cycle produces 9 ATP molecules from 9 FADH2 so total it produces 18 ATP molecules.
