<span>systemic pharmacologic agent that may be prescribed for the treatment of this disorder is: Accutane
Nodular cystic acnes are the type of acte that filled with blood and pus. Accutane will drastically reduce the oil produced by oil glands in your skin, which prevented the oil form being stuck in your pores.
This will prevent the formation of both blood and pus that filled up your acne</span>
Answer:
b. The rats press the lever least when cocaine is presented.
Explanation:
Reinforcement or reward refers to the physiological processes by which a given behavior, such as drug use, becomes habitual. This occurs when neurons release the neurotransmitter dopamine to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) after drug use.
In tobacco, nicotine is the main component triggering of the reinforcement. Once inside the brain, nicotine activates nicotinic receptors, which in turn contributes to the reinforcement mechanism. Following repeated exposure to nicotine, a neuroadaptation process is established for some (but not all) effects of nicotine. Increased brain nAChRs (acetylcoline receptors) are observed in response to desensitization of these nicotine-mediated receptors. This desensitization can play an important role in the development of tolerance and dependence.
The fact that nicotine is a weak reinforcer, means that maybe the rat already had an neuroadaptation with this drug, not feeling anything with this drug anymore, and thats why he would prefer other drug, like cocaine, pressing the lever of nicotine less often.
E. newborn hears his or her mothers voice
AS we all know that smoking is very dangerous to our health. Not only to the person who uses it but also to the person who inhales it. By simply refraining from smoking, you are getting yourself away from lung cancer and other implications that caused by smoking.
