After the death of Muhammad, he was succeeded by 'the <em>Rashidun</em>', a 30-year reign of the four 'rightly guided caliphs'. During such reign, which lasted from 632 CE to 656 CE, the expansion through the territories outside Arabia started.
Eventually, under the influence of the political systems of these territories, the leadership became hereditary, and the Umayyad dinasty, who moved to Damascus to excercise power, ruled from 661 CE to 750 CE. This dinasty achieved the greatest expansion of the Muslim Empire in a lapse of 89 years, converting the Caucasus, Transoxiana, Sindh, the Maghreb, and the Iberian Peninsula to Islam, as well as occupying 5.79 million square miles of territory and including 62 million people. It was the fifth largest empire in history regarding area and proportion of the world's population.
The correct answer is token economy. This is a system that
is defined as a kind of contingency management by which is being based on the
systematic reinforcement based on the targeted behavior and that the reinforcers
are likely to be referred to as symbols or tokens in exchanged for other reinforcers.
Answer & Explanation: The Berlin Blockade occurred between June 1948 to May 1949 which was characterized by the restriction of supplies to the U.S, Britain and French sectors of Berlin which coincidentally was situated within East Germany occupied by the Soviet Union. Railways, roads, canals etc. were blocked leaving millions of civilians without basic amenities.
In response to the Berlin Blockade of the period, the Western Allies arranged what was termed the Berlin Airlift which lasted nearly a year with the aim of bringing essential, vital supplies to the massive population of West Berlin, a difficult feat given the size of the city's population.
The blockage and the airlift response thus represented the very first major conflict of the Cold War era.
