The antigen-binding sites of an antibody molecule are formed from the molecule's variable regions which are described as so because their amino acid sequences can be different on different antibodies.
The specificity of antibodies is determined by the variable regions found at their endpoints. Antibodies are specialized proteins secreted by B-cells of the immune system. They are also called immunoglobulins. They contain four polypeptide chains that comprise two heavy chains and two light chains to form a Y-shaped molecule.
The variable regions, more specifically the hypervariable regions of an antibody, have a high ratio of different amino acids with the most common amino acids provided in one place. The variable region serves as the antigen-binding site while the constant region found below the variable region is determined to invade the antigen.
Antibodies are preserved in our body to identify the antigen the next time it encounters. They send the signals to the other body parts to reject the antigen and invade it.
To know more about variable regions of antibodies, refer to the following link:
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<span>The general sense found in the skin are:
a. Tactile - simply called the sense of "touch"
b. Pressure - a heavy touch (receptors for both tactile and pressure are called mechanoreceptors)
c. Temperature - the skin determines whether the environment is hot or cold (Thermoreceptors)
d. Pain - when the tissue is damaged
e. Vibration </span>
During the process of photosynthesis, cells use carbon dioxide and energy from the Sun to make sugar molecules and oxygen. These sugar molecules are the basis for more complex molecules made by the photosynthetic cell, such as glucose.
A theory is a hypothesis that someone had but has not proven it.
A law is something that is proved.
Example: Sir Issac Newton had a theory on gravity he sat under a tree and then had a conclusion.
Answer:
The acceleration of object is 2 m.s⁻².
Explanation:
Given data:
Force on object = 80N
Mass of object = 40 kg
Acceleration = ?
Definition:
The acceleration is rate of change of velocity of an object with respect to time.
Formula:
a = Δv/Δt
a = acceleration
Δv = change in velocity
Δt = change in time
Units:
The unit of acceleration is m.s⁻².
Acceleration can also be determine through following formula,
F = m × a
a = F/m
Now we will put the values in formula.
a = 80 N/40 kg
a = 2 m.s⁻² (N = Kgm.s⁻² )
