Answer:
(A).Acquisition of an F' factor.
(E).Specialized transduction.
Explanation:
Two processes to create a partial diploid in bacteria are specialized transduction (also called restricted transduction) and F' conjugation.
<u> Specialized (or Restricted) Transduction</u>. A lysogenic bacteriophage can excise itself so as to carry a piece of host DNA by mistake. The phage will now carry a second copy of an allele (or linked alleles) into a host cell. The new bacterium is a partial diploid for the allele.
In biotechnology, a phage chromosome can have a piece of foreign DNA ligated into it in the test tube. Then the phage DNA is packaged into phage, and it can infect a new host where it either (1) produces many copies of the host gene; or (2) lysogenizes the host, to express the cloned DNA.
2. <u> F' plasmid</u>.The F plasmid can recombine itself into the host chromosome, then recombine itself out again with some host DNA by mistake. When it enters the next host cell, it carries a second copy of several genes; again, a partial diploid is created.
In biotechnology, a plasmid can have a piece of foreign DNA ligated into it in the test tube; then the plasmid is transformed into E. coli. Then the plasmid makes many copies, including the cloned gene.
