Answer:
B. urbanization
Explanation:
In urbanizing stage, death rate quickly declined because of the improvements in agricultural aspect which goes down to food supplies, health care delivery, medicine improvements, and even the investments in sanitation and infrastructure which contributes to the increasing life expectancy of the people and lesser diseases which cause deaths. Though birth rates remain almost the same, but young population continues to grow because of the low death rate.
Answer:
C) The ancestral population probably had this type of blood pigment, but it was lost through genetic drift in the other 29 populations.
Explanation:
The presence of a blood pigment that is extraordinarily effective at carrying oxygen is a beneficial genetic trait and should be favored by natural selection. According to the given information, the organisms of only a single population of pupfish have this trait while the others do not have it.
This means that the trait was present in the ancestral populations of the pupfish but was lost in the other populations due to some accidental/chance event. Loss or fixing of an allele by a chance event is called genetic drift. It does not include any natural selection but results in a random change in the allele frequencies of a population. Therefore, loss of the trait by genetic trait might have occurred in the other populations.
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