The correct answer is through genetic code present in mRNA called codons.
Explanation:
The translation is a process of synthesis of proteins from mRNA in which the mRNA is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids.
DNA is transcribed into mRNA via transcription process. After transcription, the nitrogenous bases are read by the ribosomes in a group of 3 called "triplets or codons" which codes for specific amino acids. These amino acids are bonded via peptide bond to form a polypeptide chain.
Thus, through genetic code present in mRNA called codons is the correct answer.
Translation of mRNA into a peptide occurs in sequences of 3 nucleotides called codons. Each codon codes for one amino acid. Therefore, as the ribosome reads the codon sequence, it recruits a t-RNA carrying the respective amino acid. A peptide bond is thereafter formed on the growing amino acid chain before the ribosome translocates to read the next codon. This continues until the ribosome reads a stop codon signaling the end of the peptide.
