Europeans were originally motivated to explore the seas to discover previously unknown lands, especially after the contact with America, where europeans found all kind of valuable goods. The portuguese were the first to pursue maritime exploration, soon to be followed by the spaniards.
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They did not want to pay higher prices for agricultural products. Even though the policy of destroying food was not widely accepted, the major criticism came when the prices of farm products (from bread to cotton shirts) increased up to 50%.
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Explanation:
In Gideon v. Wainwright (1963), the Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution requires the states to provide defense attorneys to criminal defendants charged with serious offenses who cannot afford lawyers themselves. The case began with the 1961 arrest of Clarence Earl Gideon.
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Answer:
1. This discovery included Pluto in a newly created family of dwarf planets. It also forced the International Astronomical Union to redefine the term planet.
2. The demotion of Pluto to dwarf planet was caused by the discovery of Eris, a minor body that is larger than Pluto. This discovery triggered important events in the history of science. It also proved that there are still many objects to be discovered in the solar system. Therefore, this was a positive development.
3. This discovery was controversial to a small degree because it challenged a widely accepted belief that Pluto was a planet. However, Pluto was discovered less than a century ago, and people showed little resistance to accepting the change.
4.This discovery can be linked to the developments made in astronomy during the Scientific Revolution. It’s somewhat similar to what happened when Copernicus presented his heliocentric theory. He disputed Ptolemy’s accepted theory that Earth was the center of the solar system. Copernicus argued that the Sun was the center and that Earth and the other planets revolved around it. Both discoveries triggered more research in the field of astronomy.
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