Carbon is an important component in living things as it is present in the food of living things in the form of saccharides such as glucose and polysaccarhides such as starch. Hence the answer to this problem should have to be A. Carbon is a source of energy.
Answer:
Physiological reactions to stress in the alarm stage include: <em>increased heart rate and blood pressure, dilated pupils, rapid and shallow breath, and increased cortisol levels.</em>
Explanation:
Hans Seyle, a medical doctor proposed a model called the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) to explain the effects and stages of coping with the stress. The GAS model has three stages, known as:
1. Alarm stage
2. Resistance stage
3. Exhaustion stage
The <em>alarm</em> stage is the first stage of responding to stress. During this stage, the fight-or-flight response is activated when an individual is experiencing stress. This stage involves the following physiological reactions:
1. Increased heart rate
2. Increased blood pressure
3. Dilated pupils
4. Rapid and shallow breath
5. Increased cortisol levels
