Coccus: Spherical
Rod: Cylindrical shape
Spirillum: Spiral Shape
Not sure if that was the question,but good luck Comrade.
No, because a single observation on one planet is not sufficient to discredit a theory.
There are too much variables that would cause that data, and just observing one planet is the same as ignoring all the potential variables.
Answer
regulates the transport of materials entering and exiting the cell.