Answer:
The correct answer is option D.
Explanation:
The money equation given by Irving fisher is popularly known as fisher's equation.
The equation is given as MV=PT
Here, M represents money supply, V is the velocity of money, P is the price level and T refers to the volume of transactions or output level.
The supply of money refers to the quantity of money in existence while the velocity of transactions shows the number of times, money changes hands. Together they show the volume of money in circulation.
P is the average price level and T represents the expenditures on all transactions or, in other words, output level.
Here, V and T are assumed to be constant. This means that the money supply directly affects the price level.
There is no explicit mention of the interest rate in this equation.
So, option D is the correct answer.
The lender and borrower agree to the amount borrowed, the loan amount, the interest rate and the monthly payment, which depend on the borrower's credit rating.Generally, real estate and auto loans are closed-end credit, but home-equity lines of credit and credit cards are revolving lines of credit or open-end.
The main way in which speculative investing weakened the stability of the stock market was that it it led to high overvaluation of a company's worth, meaning that people began to divest quickly, leading to a run on the banks.
Answer: 16 units more than social optimum.
DWL = dead weight loss = (1/2)*(Q* - Q°) 12 =96
Explanation:
Q=1200 - 4P and Q=-240 + 2P
In a free market quantity demand =quantity supplied
1200 -4P = -240 +2P
P =240
Sub P
Q* = 240
Socially optimal quantity is
Marginal social benefit (MSC)= marginal social cost(MSC), including external damage =MEC
MPC= marginal private cost =inverse of supply function
MPC = (1/2)*Q + 120
MEC=12
MSC =(MPC +MEC) = (1/2)Q +120 +12
MSC= MPB where MPB is marginal private benefit = inverse of demand functn
MPB = 300 -(1/4)Q
(1/2)Q + 132 =300 - (1/4)Q
Q° = 224
Difference btw Q* & Q° = 16 units more than social optimum.
DWL = dead weight loss = (1/2)*(Q* - Q°) 12 =96
