I believe the correct response is D. Need a living host cell to reproduce.
Explanation:
The enhanced greenhouse effect, sometimes referred to as climate change or global warming, is the impact on the climate from the additional heat retained due to the increased amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that humans have released into the earths atmosphere since the industrial revolution.
Answer & explanation:
Primary succession occurs in environments that did not have biological communities in place and present unfavorable conditions for the establishment of life. Examples of these sites are rocks, dunes and newly solidified lava pits.
The pioneer organisms in primary succession are mainly producers and some decomposers.
In <u>dune</u> <u>environments</u>, for example, there are grasses, whose seeds are wind-borne and able to withstand excessive heat, water scarcity and unstable soil, and their roots are firm, preventing these plants from being harmed by the wind.
Sites with <u>rocky</u> <u>surfaces</u> can be colonized by photosynthetic bacteria, fungi or some species of algae. These organisms release substances that alter the substrate, allowing the installation of new species over time.
