The process for connecting two monomers together is called dehydration synthesis. Dehydration means
“removal of water” and synthesis means “to join together”. So in this
process, two monomers are covalently bonded by the removal of a
water molecule. Each organic monomer has a hydroxyl group on
one side and a hydrogen on the other. When two monomers line
up side by side, they will have these two functional groups facing one
another. The H and the OH will break off of their respective
monomers and bond forming a water molecule. This is the dehydration
part of the process. Each monomer now has a carbon atom that needs
to covalently bond with something, so they bind to each other forming
a polymer. That is the synthesis part of the process.
<span>Stabilizing selection is at work in this case. This is the force that allows a population to gradually center on a mean value due to a presence of a non-extreme bodily trait. The more extreme examples of the trait lead to the organisms being selected out, and the trait that is the least conspicuous wins out in the long-run.</span>
