Eukaryotic cells are theorized to have evolved from prokaryotes called the endosymbiotic theory. This explains that the most primitive eukaryotic cell engulfed a prokaryotic cell (by the process of phagocytosis) that is capable of cellular respiration and another prokaryotic cell that is capable of photosynthesis. These prokaryotic cells eventually became organelles and these organelles are the mitochondria and the chloroplast.
Mendel observed phenotypic traits during the cross of pea plants. Subsequently, he noted each trait had only two forms.
<h3>Mendel's Experiments</h3>
Mendel crossed pure-breeding pea plants, and then he crossed hybrid generations, as well crossed the hybrid progeny back to parental lines.
From these crosses, Mendel observed the descendence and then formulated a series of inheritance principles.
Mendel noted traits can be divided into dominant and recessive phenotypic characteristics.
Dominant characteristics were inherited in an unaltered manner after hybridization of true breeding [plants.
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Answer: Polyploidy
Explanation:
Polyploidy is defined as the phenomenon by which cells, tissues or organisms with three or more complete sets of chromosomes originate. Such cells, tissues or organisms are called polyploids.
If the genomes of a polyploid species come from the same ancestral species, it is said to be autopolyploid or autoploid. And if they come from two different ancestral species, it is said to be allopolyploid or alloploid. <u>Depending on the number of complete chromosome sets that the species has it is called triploid (3X), tetraploid (4X), pentaploid (5X), hexaploid (6X) and so on, where X is the monoploid number, and not to be confused with the haploid number.
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Redundant genetic elements of polyploid organisms can be transformed into single copies by sub-functionalization, neofunctionalization mechanisms or by the appearance of certain mutations.
<u>Two populations are sympatric when they exist in the same area and thus frequently encounter one another. </u>In general, different species cannot interbreed and produce healthy and fertile offspring due to barriers known as reproductive isolation mechanisms. Polyploidy speciation is common in plants but rare in animals. So, animal species are much less tolerant of changes in ploidy. For example, human embryos that are triploid or tetraploid are not viable, cannot survive.
the source of the filtrate is Loop of Henle.
The Henle loop is surrounded by tissue fluid with a high ion concentration. Osmosis causes water to move out of the descending limb. As a result of the more concentrated filtrate, ions move out of the loop in the thin ascending limb.
The nephron consists of a single long tubule and a ball of capillaries called the glomerulus. Using hydrostatic pressure, plasma is forced through the walls of the glomerulus, becoming filtrate as it crosses, and then collecting within Bowman's capsule. The fluid that enters vertebrate nephrons is called the filtrate.
<h3>Which part of the nephron is called the loop of Henle?</h3>
A million nephrons are the filtering units of the human kidney, which is a complex and highly vascular organ. Each filters water and solutes from the blood that flows through it into the surrounding space and is the cavity between the cup's walls. The other part resembles a U-shaped loop that transports the filtered fluid deep into the medulla.
<h3>Functions of Nephron</h3>
The primary function of the Nephron is to flush out waste products from the blood, which include solid waste and other excesses. This blood is transformed into urine through secretion and excretion.
The nephron, a basic structural unit of the kidney, is a microscopic structure composed of a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.
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They are SIMILAR Because: all are covered with shallow layers of water during some or all of the year
They are DIFFERENT Because : bogs are found in cooler, Northern areas , tend to be acidic , and contain many mosses. marshes are usually grassy . swamps have many trees and shrubs, and are found in the warm and humid southern United States (:
