Explanation:
Eukaryotic cells have specialized mechanisms to transport molecules along with membrane-bound organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum that provide a higher surface area for absorption and enable more efficient transportation.
Their structural components (i.e. their makeup) determine their function (what they do). In specific cell types, collected proteins may function as a unit called an organelle. Some organelles are bound by membranes like those that make up the external structure of the cell, with varying compositions of phospholipids and proteins. Several organelles facilitate the digestion of nutrients into metabolites and energy...
- Step 1: Mitochondria break down food and release energy; In all eukaryotic cells mitochondria are small cellular organelles bound by membranes. The higher concentrations of reactants and solutes, increases metabolic reaction efficiency; these make most of the chemical energy required for powering the biochemical reactions within the cell. This chemical energy is obtained via the breakdown of nutrients from food, and is stored within the molecule ATP. Respiration in the mitochondria utilizes oxygen for the production of ATP in the Krebs’ or Citric acid cycle via the oxidization of pyruvate (through the process of glycolysis in the cytoplasm) where several metabolites used for building other compounds are produced.
- Step 2: Lysosomes... Some organelles separate proteins and molecules that may harm the cell by parceling them into membrane-bound organelles for example, proteases bound within lysosomes can break down many structural proteins, and carbohydrates found in food, waste, and cell components
- Step 3: Vacuoles... Vacuoles are fluid filled organelles which store concentrated amounts of solutes, and waste products. Specialized vacuoles are also used to transport components to the cell membrane for cellular export.
- Step 4: The endoplasmic reticulum... Most proteins that function in the cytosol (such as actin) or in the nucleus (such as DNA polymerase) are synthesized by free ribosomes. Proteins that function within the endomembrane system (such as lysosomal enzymes) or those that are destined for secretion from the cell (such as insulin) are synthesized by bound ribosomes in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The rest of the ER, which does not contain ribosomes is called the smooth ER, and may contain lipids, enzymes, and other proteins. As a protein destined for the endomembrane system is being synthesized by a ribosome, the first amino acids in the growing polypeptide chain act as a signal sequence. That signal sequence ensures that the ribosome binds to the outer membrane of the ER and that the protein enters the ER lumen.
- Step 5: Golgi bodies... Like a post office, the golgi complex, or golgi body recognizes signal sequences and packages these compounds into lysosomes for delivery to their final destination. Lysosomes fuse with the plasma membrane to empty their contents into the extracellular space.
Learn more about cellular life at brainly.com/question/11259903
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Learn more about mitochondria and similar structures at brainly.com/question/2855039
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The true answer of your question is :
OH : HYDROXYL GROUP
NH2 : AMINO GROUP
CH3 : METHYL GROUP ( but in rather broader terms, that functional group of formula CnH2n+1 where n is an integer is called ALKYL GROUP where by substituting n by 1,2,3... we obtain methyl for n = 1, ethyl for n = 2, and propyl for n = 3 )
COOH : CARBOXYL GROUP is the correct answer since carbonyl is characterized by the presence of functional group C=O in general the formula of the compound would be
R-C=O-R’ where R and R’ are alkyl groups like methyl for example. However the carboxyl group could be thought of as a summation of carbonyl + hydroxyl ( CO + OH ) resulting thus in COOH.
I hope you’ll understand everything, anyway if not i’m always here to help. ♥️
Been a bit since I learned this but I believe the answer is B.
Hope this helps.
So that it can protect exposed tissue, a layer of meristematic cells, cork cambium, or phellogen rises from the cortex.
