Question

Definition: This is showing possible outcomes, genotypes and phenotypes, of offspring from two parents,

Answer 1

A Genetic cross shows the possible outcomes, genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from two parents, and usually shown using a Punett Square.

Explanation:

 A genetic cross is the resultant progeny that carries the genetic trait of each parent and obtained by crossbreeding of two organisms by mating them.

The two types of genetic crosses are – monohybrid (a single trait from each parent is crossed) and dihybrid (two traits are crossed) cross.

The organisms which are crossed can be with either be heterozygous (Rr) or homozygous (rr) alleles representing a trait; traits are either dominant (R) or recessive (r); the combination of genes for a particular trait results in a genotype (Rr); the resultant physical feature formed from the genotype is the phenotype.

The resultant crosses which can be obtained with the possible genotype and phenotypes are evaluated based on probability equations on the likelihood of possible specific offsprings to be formed due to the crossbreeding and according to the laws of genetics and Mendelian Inheritance. The results of the crossing are visually represented using a Punnet Square. The Punnet Square tabulates and summarizes all resultant probabilities from all possible combinations of maternal and paternal alleles.