I believe it was Spain. they were the ones who discovered a lot during that time period.
Bringing water in from different areas can cause diseases and medical problems. Unfamiliar minerals and vitamins, along with diseases and bacteria, can manifest the water. People or animals whom have not adapted to the water's different diseases and bacteria can catch these diseases and get sick from the bacteria. Natives, on the other hand, may have adapted to the water's bacteria, and the body changes in order to fight off the different bacterium.
The Sioux agreed to settle within a reservation in Black Hills of the Dakota territory in exchange for peace.