It means the personal freedom to follow whatever religion you choose, or
NO religion if that's your choice, in any way you want as long as you don't
bother other people, without any interference from laws or other people,
and without any penalty or discrimination no matter what your choice is.
That seems like such common sense that it's hard to understand that
in huge parts of the world, that's not the way it is at all.
The correct answer is "Emory Bogardus's research on social distance". Emory Bogardus designed a Social Distance Scale for measuring attitudes toward racial and ethnic groups. Bogardus believed that the more prejudiced is a person against a race or ethnic group the less he would like to interact with someone that belongs to that group. He applied this concept to make the Social Distance Scale.
The middle eastern country where you find the Suez Canal is Egypt!
D. Introduce the bull again later I hope this helps!