Answer:
Carbohydrate is a big source of energy for all living organism on this planet.
Explanation:
The carbohydrate which is a macro-molecule is produced by the producer such as trees and shrubs etc in the process of photosynthesis. These carbohydrates transfer to the primary consumer such as monkey who eat these plants. When the secondary consumer such as jaguar eat these primary consumer, this carbohydrate again transfer from one organism to another organism. This carbohydrate is a source of energy which is broken down in the stomach into glucose and this glucose is absorbed by the cells and releases energy by mitochondria in the form of ATP. This energy is used in various activities such as walking, running and breathing etc. Carbohydrate, proteins and fats are the examples of macro-molecules.
Option B: Under anaerobic conditions, cells generate ATP through anaerobic glycolysis and creatine phosphate.
Our body produces ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. ATP is used in various functions and gets hydrolyzed into ADP and inorganic phosphate. But during intense exercises like sprinting, our body becomes unable to produce sufficient ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
In this condition, creatine phosphate is used to regenerate ATP molecules for a short time. Creatine phosphate, when short of oxygen, transfers high-energy phosphate to ADP. ADP then gets transformed into ATP and produces creatine out of the reaction.
Another mechanism to produce ATP when short of oxygen is through anaerobic glycolysis. In this method, glucose is converted to lactate. This is a faster mechanism that produces 2 molecules of ATP per glucose molecule. The energy produced through oxidative phosphorylation is 100 times slower than anaerobic glycolysis.
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The parents are of genotype heterozygous dominant and homozygous recessive. Supposing the dominant allele is N and the recessive allele is n, one of the parents will be Nn while the other nn. The phenotypic (based on visible characteristics) ratio will be 1:1 for dom/rec and rec/rec as indicated in the diagram below.
A observation and hypothesis
The molecule which is the final electron acceptor for electrons from photosystem I is (d) NADP⁺.
Photosystem I is the protein complex involved in the process of photosynthesis. It captures the light energy to mediate the transfer of electrons from a series of electron transporters. It is involved in non-cyclic as well as cyclic photophosphorylation.
NADP⁺ is the Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate. It acts as a coenzyme. It is an important constituent in various anabolic reactions like Calvin cycle, lipid and nucleic acid syntheses, etc. The oxidized form of NADP⁺ is NADPH. It is present in organisms of almost all kinds.
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