Oncogenes are most like the gas pedal on a car, while tumor suppressor genes are most like the brakes on a car. Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are mutated in cancer cells.
Oncogenes are genes overexpressed in cells in which they should not be expressed, thereby leading to cancer.
Some examples of oncogenes are growth factors such as, for example, the Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or Epidermal growth factor (EGF).
Conversely, tumor suppressor genes are genes that act to regulate cell division and replication, thereby their inactivation also leads to cancer.
A well-known example of a tumor suppressor gene is the p53 gene that acts to control cell division and apoptosis (programmed cell death).
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In the deformed mice, somatic cells but not germ cells were mutated. The original mouse's germ cells were mutated.
A genetic mutation results in the offspring of two butterflies being a different color. There is no evidence of biological evolution in this.
In populations of organisms, biological evolution is the change in hereditary features through successive generations. When diversity is added to a population through gene mutation or genetic recombination or removed by natural selection or genetic drift, features undergo evolutionary alteration. the gradual genetic change within a population. What is the most likely outcome if two species rejoin after many generations if allopatric speciation has place after a population split into two different populations?
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Out of the choices given, active and passive transport of solutes across a membrane typically differ because active transport always involves the utilization of cellular energy, whereas passive transport does not require cellular energy. The correct answer is B.
