A Standard Cost Variance is a difference between the actual cost incurred and the standard cost against which it is measured.
The main difference between normal costing and standard costing is that normal costing uses actual costs for material and direct labor costs, whereas standard costing uses predefined costs for these two items. That's it.
This difference between standard cost and actual cost is called variance. An unfavorable variance occurs if the actual cost is higher than the standard.
The main difference between marginal costing and standard costing is that marginal cost is a subset of standard cost and standard is a superset of marginal costing. Description: Standard costing is a costing method and there are two types of costing methods.
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Answer:
CPI at the beginning of the year = 192.52
Explanation:
given data
nominal interest rate = 7 percent
real interest rate = 4 percent
CPI = 198.3
to find out
CPI at the beginning of the year
solution
we know that according to fisher equation
1 + r = 
....................1
and for smaller values is equivalent to r
r = n - i .....................2
here r is real interest rate and n is nominal interest rate and i is inflation rate
so from equation 2
4 = 7 - inflation rate
inflation rate = 3 percent
so
Rate of inflation = (CPI at the end of the year - CPI at the beginning of the year) × 100 ÷ CPI at the beginning of the year
put here value
3% = (198.3 - CPI at the beginning of the year) × 100 ÷ CPI at the beginning of the year
CPI at the beginning of the year = 
CPI at the beginning of the year = 192.52
Answer:
16.27%
Explanation:
Given that,
Equity multiplier = 1.27
Total asset turnover = 2.10
Profit margin = 6.1 percent
Here, the return on equity is calculated by multiplying profit margin, asset turnover and equity multiplier.
Return On Equity:
= (Profit margin) × (Asset turnover) × (Equity multiplier)
= (0.061) × (2.10) × (1.27)
= 0.1627
= 16.27%
Answer:
What is the initial cost of the project?
the initial cost or initial outlay = $100
how much value is created?
the NPV of the project = -$100 + $50/1.1 + $50/1.1² + $50/1.1³ = $24.34
the NPV basically gives us how much value or wealth is created by the project
and what would you be willing to sell the project for?
selling price = $124.34 (= initial outlay + NPV)
