Southern governments passed Jim Crow laws
Two very particular issues drove Reagan's political conversion: fiscal policy and anti-communism. In the late 1940s, Reagan was facing the end of his career as a movie actor and was finding less and less work. He was upset because he felt that he had only a short window to maximize his earnings and ensure his future financial security and that the present 90% top marginal rate was unreasonable.
Reagan's experience as a board member and later president of the Screen Actors Guild also moved him politically rightward. In this professional capacity he dealt with a strike by a set builder union backed by communist sympathizers.
The word “first civilization” is usually applied to the earliest communities which showed the simultaneous characteristic of urbanization, specialization of labor, pottery-making, and agriculture.The gains were in population, consistent food supplies, technology, defensibility and arts.Compared to hunter-gatherer communities, the early civilization may have seen increasing discrimination, both between rich and poor and between genders. Greater organization would also lead to greater mechanisms of social control, and consequently some shrinking of personal freedom. Finally, population growth combined with fixed locations of population dense urban areas led to degradation of the natural environment and possibly desertification.
A.D = Anno Domini Latin for "year of our lord"
B.C.E = Before the Common Era
C.E = Common Era this is a synonym for A.D
I remember learning B.C and B.C.E mean the same although B.C.E is used more in Science to show respect spiritually. If a person is refering to Science they will most likely say B.C.E instead of B.C
...hope this helps.