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Leni [432]
3 years ago
6

Match the following:

Chemistry
1 answer:
chubhunter [2.5K]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

1. a chemical reaction in which one substance breaks up into two or more new substances:  decomposition reaction

2. a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new substance: synthesis reaction

3. the reaction of an acid with a base to form a salt and water: neutralization reaction.

4. chemical compound formed when the negative ions from an acid combine with the positive ions of a base: salt

5. two ionic compounds reacting in solution to form two new compounds, one of which is insoluble: double displacement reaction.

6. a reaction in which an active metal displaces a less active metal or hydrogen from a compound solution (or a nonmetal replaces a nonmetal from a compound in solution): Single replacement reaction

Explanation:

1. Decomposition is a type of chemical reaction in which one reactant gives two or more than two products.

Example: Li_2CO_3\rightarrow Li_2O+CO_2

2. Synthesis reaction is a chemical reaction in which two reactants are combining to form one product.

Example: Li_2O+CO_2\rightarrow Li_2CO_3

3 and 4. Neutralization is a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base reacts to form salt and water. Salt is formed when cations or positive ions of base combine with anions or negative ions of acid.

Here KCN is the salt formed by combination of K^+ from base and CN^- from acid.

Example:  H^++CN^-+K^++OH^-\rightarrow K^++CN^-+H_2O

5. A double displacement reaction is one in which exchange of ions take place. The salts which are soluble in water are designated by symbol (aq) and those which are insoluble in water and remain in solid form are represented by (s) after their chemical formulas.

Example: 2NaOH(aq)+(NH_4)_2SO_4(aq)\rightarrow 2NH_4OH(aq)+Na_2SO_4(aq)

6. Single replacement reaction is a chemical reaction in which more reactive element displaces the less reactive element from its salt solution.

Example: Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2

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Question 15 (1 point)
Digiron [165]

Answer:

Atoms are electrically neutral because the number of protons, which carry a 1+ charge, in the nucleus of an atom is equal to the number of electrons, which carry a 1- charge, in the atom. The result is that the total positive charge of the protons cancels out the total negative charge of the electrons so that the net charge of the atom is zero. Most atoms, however, can either gain or lose electrons; when they do so, the number of electrons becomes different from the number of protons in the nucleus. The resulting charged species is called an ion.

Cations and anions

When a neutral atom loses one or more electrons, the total number of electrons decreases while the number of protons in the nucleus remains the same. The result is that the atom becomes a cation—an ion with a net positive charge.

The opposite process can also occur. When a neutral atom gains one or more electrons, the number of electrons increases while the number of protons in the nucleus remains the same. The result is that the atom becomes an anion—an ion with a net negative charge. We can illustrate this by examining some very simple cations and anions, those formed when a single hydrogen atom loses or gains an electron.

Note: Hydrogen is actually somewhat unusual in that it readily forms both cations and anions. Most elements much prefer to form only one or the other. In terms of its electron configuration, can you explain why hydrogen can form both cations and anions? Feel free to post in the comments at the end of the article!

A hydrogen cation, a hydrogen atom, and a hydrogen anion.

A hydrogen cation, a hydrogen atom, and a hydrogen anion.

Classification cation neutral atom anion

No. of protons 111 111 111

No. of electrons 000 111 222

Net charge 111++plus 000 111-−minus

If a neutral hydrogen atom ( \text{H}Hstart text, H, end text, center) loses an electron, it becomes a hydrogen cation ( \text{H}^+H  

+

start text, H, end text, start superscript, plus, end superscript, left). Conversely, if the neutral \text{H}Hstart text, H, end text atom gains an electron, it becomes a hydrogen anion ( \text{H}^-H  

−

start text, H, end text, start superscript, minus, end superscript, right), also known as a hydride ion. Image credit: adapted from Boundless Learning, CC BY-SA 4.0.

In the center column, we have a diagram of a single, neutral hydrogen atom. It contains one proton and one electron; thus, its net charge is zero. If hydrogen loses its electron, it forms the cation \text{H}^+H  

+

start text, H, end text, start superscript, plus, end superscript (left column). The \text{H}^+H  

+

start text, H, end text, start superscript, plus, end superscript cation has a net charge of 1+ from the one proton in the nucleus since there are no electrons to cancel out the positive charge. If neutral hydrogen gains an electron, it forms the anion \text{H}^-H  

−

start text, H, end text, start superscript, minus, end superscript (right column). The \text{H}^-H  

−

start text, H, end text, start superscript, minus, end superscript anion has a net charge of 1- because it has one extra electron compared to the total number of protons.

Explanation: Hopes this gives a better explanation on them!

6 0
3 years ago
Phenolphthalein meaning
Simora [160]

Answer:

Phenolphthalein is a chemical compound with the formula C20H14O4 and is often written as "HIn" or "phph" in shorthand notation. Phenolphthalein is often used as an indicator in acid–base titrations. For this application, it turns colorless in acidic solutions and pink in basic solutions.

3 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Mwehehe poide bang pakiss?
Contact [7]

Answer:

what confused

Explanation:

6 0
2 years ago
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1. Write the molecular equation, ionic equation, and net ionic equation for the reaction between calcium chloride and ammonium p
aalyn [17]

Answer:

(molecular) 3 CaCl₂(aq) + 2 (NH₄)₃PO₄(aq) ⇄ Ca₃(PO₄)₂(s) +  6 NH₄Cl(aq)

(ionic) 3 Ca²⁺(aq) + 6 Cl⁻(aq) + 6 NH₄⁺(aq) + 2 PO₄³⁻(aq) ⇄ Ca₃(PO₄)₂(s) + 6 NH₄⁺(aq) + 6 Cl⁻(aq)

(net ionic) 3 Ca²⁺(aq) + 2 PO₄³⁻(aq) ⇄ Ca₃(PO₄)₂(s)

Explanation:

The molecular equation includes al the species in the molecular form.

3 CaCl₂(aq) + 2 (NH₄)₃PO₄(aq) ⇄ Ca₃(PO₄)₂(s) +  6 NH₄Cl(aq)

The ionic equation includes all the ions (species that dissociate in water) and the species that do not dissociate in water.

3 Ca²⁺(aq) + 6 Cl⁻(aq) + 6 NH₄⁺(aq) + 2 PO₄³⁻(aq) ⇄ Ca₃(PO₄)₂(s) + 6 NH₄⁺(aq) + 6 Cl⁻(aq)

The net ionic equation includes only the ions that participate in the reaction and the species that do not dissociate in water. In does not include <em>spectator ions</em>.

3 Ca²⁺(aq) + 2 PO₄³⁻(aq) ⇄ Ca₃(PO₄)₂(s)

3 0
3 years ago
For the reaction PCl5(g) + heat PCl3(g) + Cl2(g), what will happen when the temperature is decreased
vovikov84 [41]
There will be a shift towards the reactants
5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
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