The Punnett square in the image shows the resulting progeny after a cross between the two individuals of the genotype, HbAS, who are carrying the sickle cell gene. The probability of offspring getting sickle cell disease turns out to be, 25%.
Answer:
Mouth, stomach, liver, pancreas and small intestine.
Explanation:
If we eat these foods which have carbohydrates, its digestion starts from the mouth because the saliva present in the mouth mixes with the food and start its digestion. When the food reaches to the stomach, the foods are broken down into micromolecules with the help of enzymes secreted by liver and pancreas. After that the food goes to the small intestine where absorption of nutrients and water also occurs.
A neuromuscular junction (or myoneural junction) is a chemical synapse formed by the contact between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber.[1] It is at the neuromuscular junction that a motor neuron is able to transmit a signal to the muscle fiber, causing muscle contraction.
Muscles require innervation to function—and even just to maintain muscle tone, avoiding atrophy. Synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction begins when an action potential reaches the presynaptic terminal of a motor neuron, which activates voltage-dependent calcium channels to allow calcium ions to enter the neuron. Calcium ions bind to sensor proteins (synaptotagmin) on synaptic vesicles, triggering vesicle fusion with the cell membrane and subsequent neurotransmitter release from the motor neuron into the synaptic cleft. In vertebrates, motor neurons release acetylcholine (ACh), a small molecule neurotransmitter, which diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on the cell membrane of the muscle fiber, also known as the sarcolemma. nAChRs are ionotropic receptors, meaning they serve as ligand-gated ion channels. The binding of ACh to the receptor can depolarize the muscle fiber, causing a cascade that eventually results in muscle contraction.
Neuromuscular junction diseases can be of genetic and autoimmune origin. Genetic disorders, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, can arise from mutated structural proteins that comprise the neuromuscular junction, whereas autoimmune diseases, such as myasthenia gravis, occur when antibodies are produced against nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the sarcolemma.
Answer:
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
Explanation:
cause in the furture we might have alot of carbon gas and i took a test
