Foreign invaders have proteins called antigen, which antibodies lock onto to neutralize. The foreign proteins are different from proteins in our own body, so the immune system can recognize them and finally eliminate them.
Answer:
Explanation:
Endocrine cells in the pancreas are referred to as Islets of Langerhan. There are two major types; Beta cell that produce insulin and alpha cells that produce glucagon.
They are identified when viewed under slides based on their colour reactions with histological dyes. Tinctorial techniques that can be used to identify them under microscope includes; Mallory-Heidenhain azan trichrome, chromium hematoxylin and phloxine, aldehyde fuchsin, and silver impregnation methods.
Islets of Langerhan cells make up minority of the cell. Majority of them are for exocrine functions.
Pieces of genes can be inserted into the genetic material of prokaryotes so that they will make the protein products encoded in the genes or copies of the genes themselves
Answer:
1. fragmentation- genetically identical
2. budding- genetically identical
3. haploid cells from two different mycelia fuse to form a zygote- genetically distinct
4. one hyphae creates spores through mitosis- genetically identical
Explanation:
1) Fragmentation is a form of asexual reproduction i.e. one parent, employed by certain organisms including fungi in which a FRAGMENT breaks off from the single parent to produce new cells. Since it is an asexual reproduction, the resulting cells will be GENETICALLY IDENTICAL.
2) Budding is another form of asexual reproduction that fungi undergoes e.g yeast. In the budding process, buds develop on the parent cell and later grow into mature cells that are GENETICALLY IDENTICAL to the parent cell.
3) In fungi, two different mycelia can produce haploid sex cells via the process of meiosis, which then fuse to produce a ZYGOTE. This method is a sexual means of reproduction. Hence, the zygote formed will be GENETICALLY DISTINCT from the parent.
4) Hyphae (threadlike filaments) of a fungi can via MITOTIC DIVISION produce spores, which then germinates under favorable conditions and grows into a new fungus. This new fungus cell is GENETICALLY IDENTICAL to the parent hyphae.
