The human activity banned is restaurandts and most public areas is smoking
The answer is rr because if it were "Rr" it would be round. Dominant always exceeds the recessive. so if both traits were recessive, it would be recessive. so "rr" is your answer
When we perform a study, we test a specific hypothesis to see whether our hypothesis is supported by the data or not. If our hypothesis is not supported by the data, then we can argue that a specific argument (that would be important for this hypothesis) does not have a claim in scientific research.
This is more broadly meant though. Usually you need to perform multiple studies and test multiple hypothesis to be able to critique a scientific argument and see whether the claims it makes and the predictions it makes hold up in scientific research.