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3 years ago

Which expression is equivalent to the area of metal sheet required to make this square-shaped traffic sign?

Mathematics

2 answers:

olga55 [171]3 years ago

7 0

Answer:

Hence, the expression for the area of the metal sheet used is:

$(x+1)^2=x^2+2x+1$

Step-by-step explanation:

It is given that a traffic signal is in the shape of a square such that its's one side is labeled as:

x+1.

We are asked to find the expression that is equivalent to the area of metal sheet required to make this square-shaped traffic sign.

The area of metal sheet used will be equal to the area of the traffic signal which is equal to the area of the square with side length (x+1).

Hence, the area of square(A) is:

$A=(x+1)^2\\\\A=x^2+1+2x$

Hence, the expression equivalent to the area of metal sheet used is:

$(x+1)^2=x^2+2x+1$

Lena [83]3 years ago

6 0

(x+1)^2
(x+1)(x+1)
x^2+x+x+1
The expression is x^2+2x+1

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3 years ago

Prove that if n is a perfect square then n + 2 is not a perfect square

notka56 [123]

Answer:

This statement can be proven by contradiction for $n \in \mathbb{N}$ (including the case where $n = 0$ .)

$\text{Let $n \in \mathbb{N}$ be a perfect square}$ .

$\textbf{Case 1.} ~ \text{n = 0}$ :

$\text{$n + 2 = 2$, which isn't a perfect square}$ .

$\text{Claim verified for $n = 0$}$ .

$\textbf{Case 2.} ~ \text{$n \in \mathbb{N}$ and $n \ne 0$. Hence $n \ge 1$}$ .

$\text{Assume that $n$ is a perfect square}$ .

$\text{$\iff$ $\exists$ $a \in \mathbb{N}$ s.t. $a^2 = n$}$ .

$\text{Assume $\textit{by contradiction}$ that $(n + 2)$ is a perfect square}$ .

$\text{$\iff$ $\exists$ $b \in \mathbb{N}$ s.t. $b^2 = n + 2$}$ .

$\text{$n + 2 > n > 0$ $\implies$ $b = \sqrt{n + 2} > \sqrt{n} = a$}$ .

$\text{$a,\, b \in \mathbb{N} \subset \mathbb{Z}$ $\implies b - a = b + (- a) \in \mathbb{Z}$}$ .

$\text{$b > a \implies b - a > 0$. Therefore, $b - a \ge 1$}$ .

$\text{$\implies b \ge a + 1$}$ .

$\text{$\implies n+ 2 = b^2 \ge (a + 1)^2= a^2 + 2\, a + 1 = n + 2\, a + 1$}$ .

$\text{$\iff 1 \ge 2\,a $}$ .

$\text{$\displaystyle \iff a \le \frac{1}{2}$}$ .

$\text{Contradiction (with the assumption that $a \ge 1$)}$ .

$\text{Hence the original claim is verified for $n \in \mathbb{N}\backslash\{0\}$}$ .

$\text{Hence the claim is true for all $n \in \mathbb{N}$}$ .

Step-by-step explanation:

Assume that the natural number $n \in \mathbb{N}$ is a perfect square. Then, (by the definition of perfect squares) there should exist a natural number $a$ ( $a \in \mathbb{N}$ ) such that $a^2 = n$ .

Assume by contradiction that $n + 2$ is indeed a perfect square. Then there should exist another natural number $b \in \mathbb{N}$ such that $b^2 = (n + 2)$ .

Note, that since $(n + 2) > n \ge 0$ , $\sqrt{n + 2} > \sqrt{n}$ . Since $b = \sqrt{n + 2}$ while $a = \sqrt{n}$ , one can conclude that $b > a$ .

Keep in mind that both $a$ and $b$ are natural numbers. The minimum separation between two natural numbers is $1$ . In other words, if $b > a$ , then it must be true that $b \ge a + 1$ .

Take the square of both sides, and the inequality should still be true. (To do so, start by multiplying both sides by $(a + 1)$ and use the fact that $b \ge a + 1$ to make the left-hand side $b^2$ .)

$b^2 \ge (a + 1)^2$ .

Expand the right-hand side using the binomial theorem:

$(a + 1)^2 = a^2 + 2\,a + 1$ .

$b^2 \ge a^2 + 2\,a + 1$ .

However, recall that it was assumed that $a^2 = n$ and $b^2 = n + 2$ . Therefore,

$\underbrace{b^2}_{=n + 2)} \ge \underbrace{a^2}_{=n} + 2\,a + 1$ .

$n + 2 \ge n + 2\, a + 1$ .

Subtract $n + 1$ from both sides of the inequality:

$1 \ge 2\, a$ .

$\displaystyle a \le \frac{1}{2} = 0.5$ .

Recall that $a$ was assumed to be a natural number. In other words, $a \ge 0$ and $a$ must be an integer. Hence, the only possible value of $a$ would be $0$ .

Since $a$ could be equal $0$ , there's not yet a valid contradiction. To produce the contradiction and complete the proof, it would be necessary to show that $a = 0$ just won't work as in the assumption.

If indeed $a = 0$ , then $n = a^2 = 0$ . $n + 2 = 2$ , which isn't a perfect square. That contradicts the assumption that if $n = 0$ is a perfect square, $n + 2 = 2$ would be a perfect square. Hence, by contradiction, one can conclude that

$\text{if $n$ is a perfect square, then $n + 2$ is not a perfect square.}$ .

Note that to produce a more well-rounded proof, it would likely be helpful to go back to the beginning of the proof, and show that $n \ne 0$ . Then one can assume without loss of generality that $n \ne 0$ . In that case, the fact that $\displaystyle a \le \frac{1}{2}$ is good enough to count as a contradiction.