Answer:
Exceed the buffer capacity and Raise the pH by several units
Explanation:
<em>Options are:</em>
<em>Raise the pH slightly
</em>
<em>Lower the pH slightly
</em>
<em>Raise the pH by several units
</em>
<em>Lower the pH by several units
</em>
<em>Not change the pH
</em>
<em>Exceed the buffer capacity</em>
<em />
The hypochlorous acid, HClO, is in equilibrium with Hypochlorite ion (From potassium hypochlorite, ClO⁻) producing a buffer. Using H-H equation, pH of initial buffer is:
pH = pKa + log [ClO⁻] / [HClO]
pKa for hypochlorous acid is 7.53
pH = 7.53 + log [0.581M] / [0.436M]
pH = 7.65
Barium hydroxide reacts with HClO producing more ClO⁻, thus:
Ba(OH)₂ + 2HClO → 2ClO⁻ + 2H₂O
As 0.479 moles of Barium hdroxide are added. For a complete reaction you require 0.479mol * 2 = 0.958 moles of HClO
As you have just 0.436 moles (Volume = 1L),
The addition will:
<h3>Exceed the buffer capacity</h3><h3 />
The Ba(OH)₂ that reacts is:
0.436 moles HClO * (1mole (Ba(OH)₂ / 2 mol HClO) = 0.218 moles Ba(OH)₂ and will remain:
0.479 mol - 0.218 mol = 0.261 moles Ba(OH)₂
As 1 mole of Ba(OH)₂ contains 2 moles of OH⁻, moles of OH⁻ and molarity is:
0.261 moles* 2 = 0.522 moles OH⁻ = [OH⁻]
pOH = -log [OH⁻]
pOH = 0.28
And pH = 14 - pOH:
pH = 13.72
Thus, after the addition the pH change from 7.65 to 13.62:
<h3>Raise the pH by several units
</h3>
