The Tokugawa rule which means an outdated or old-fashioned military government in Japan affects the people by unleashing disorderly forces over time. Taxes on the smallholders and agricultural laborers of low social status were set at fixed amounts that did not account for price rises in economic value. With this result tax earnings collected by the samurai landowners were good for nothing and less overtime which oftentimes lead to many conflicts between decent but needy samurai and well-to-do peasants. Servants held hereditary lands and provided service in the military and respect to their lords. Provinces had a degree of authority and were allowed an independent government in exchange for the faithfulness to the shogun.
I believe your answer is A. A historians study written documents (which could also be classified as an ancient tablet) from certain periods (such as to determine what goods traded by merchants of UR). Archaeologists study artifacts or things like ancient ruins. I hope this helps!