He is incorrect because a catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction so if there is no reaction to begin with a catalyst will not due anything.
Bacteria is important because this bacteria binds hydrogen molecules with the gaseous nitrogen to form ammonia in the soil. During assimilation, or when plants take up nitrates from the soil, bacteria aid in the process with the plants in making ammonia. Animal wastes is also a major place where bacteria thrives and produces ammonia. The process in which assimilation occurs in plants, and then bacteria converts the nitrates to ammonia is called ammonification. From the conversion of ammonia to nitrites, bacteria also aids in this process called nitrification. The nitrifying bacteria mostly present in soils, oxidize ammonia into nitrites, and from nitrites to nitrates.
Finally, the process of denitrification also has bacteria present to aid in converting nitrates back into a gaseous form of nitrogen in the atmosphere.
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Minerals can form in all geological environments, which allows them to have a wide range of chemical and physical conditions. Two forms of this are temperature and pressure. There are 4 main categories of mineral formations. Igneous is where the minerals crystalize from a melt. Sedimentary is where the raw materials of the mineral are particles from other rocks that have suffered from erosion and weathering. Metamorphic is where new minerals are created from earlier ones owing to the effects of change. Most of the time it's from increasing temperature and/or pressure. Hydrothermal is where the minerals are chemically precipitated from hot solutions in the earth.
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Demography is the statistical study of human populations. Demography examines the size, structure, and movements of populations over space and time. It uses methods from history, economics, anthropology, sociology, and other fields.