<span>Animals and plants have cells that are specialized by the process of differentiation.</span>
DNA is nothing more than a sequence of bases (nucleotides) and since DNA is normally double stranded, they can be referred to as base pairs. One could best visualise it like a zipper: two connected strands (that can also be separated). DNA is made up of only four different bases, abbreviated as A, C, G and T. These always form the same pairs: A on one side of the zipper, T on the other side and the same goes for C and G. So, when unzipped, you always know the sequence of the opposite strand.
The sequence of base pairs that make up our DNA should be viewed like a bar code. Every set of three bases code for one building block of a protein. That's all that DNA is for: code for building proteins. A set of three bases is called a codon and tells machinery in the cell (ribosome) to add one specific building block to a forming protein. It's like Lego and DNA is the instructions that tell you which block to add next.
These different blocks give shape and function to the proteins it helps to build.
Answer:
(i) Small island
(ii) Large island
(iii) Option-3
Explanation:
In the given question, the three population of the Anoles Lizards migrated to three islands of different size.
(i) Genetic drift is a random or by the chance process which changes the frequency of the alleles in the population. The change in the frequency of the allele can be easily observed in the small population therefore the small island with the smallest size of the population will have the strongest genetic drift.
(ii) Heterozygosity of alleles that is with a dominant and a recessive allele is the result of the exchange of alleles in the population. The size of the population is finite on the island therefore the heterozygosity is not introduced in the small population but in a large population, it can be introduced as the mating is random.
(iii) The genetic drift is strongest on the small island therefore L2 allele can be easily influenced by this effect. The selection coefficient is very small that is 0.002 therefore no mutation is occurring on the island.
