Anwser is #1 because t<span>he equator is moving faster than the poles and so extends outward a bit due to centrifugal force. That means a point on the equator is a tiny bit farther from the centre of the Earth than the poles. </span>
<span>The gravitational acceleration at the equator is 9.789 m/s^2m, and 9.832 m/s^2 at the pole.</span>
Answer:
A frameshift changes every codon past it. A base substitution only changes one codon.
Explanation:
DNA is comprised of nucleotides (A, C, T, G) that make up amino acids. Every three bases is called a codon and represents an amino acid.
In a frameshift mutation, a nucleotide is either added or deleted from the sequence. This offsets the entire sequence after it because the reading frame shifts. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
If another T is added in between the first and second codons, then every codon after will be changed.
ACT>T<GCTATCGTCATC
A substitution mutation is usually less severe, as it only alters one codon in the sequence. These occur when one nucleotide is replaced by another one. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
Let's say the first G is replaced by a T.
ACT>T<CTATCGTCATC
As you can see, none of the other codons changed.
Typically, a frameshift mutation is considered worse than a substitution mutation.
Answer: Natural variation.
It's like editing over what's already written. it's the process of reading something and marking for any error. (: Usually deemed more helpful when you let two completely different people proof read the same paper to get a better result!
Good luck, rockstar! (: I wish you the best and hope you pass!
