The hemoglobin holoenzyme (active enzyme) is a complex of an iron ion and 4 subunits- 2 hemoglobin alpha and two hemoglobin beta. People with sickle cell disease have mutated beta hemoglobins. The mutation is a single nucleotide exchange, that changes the 6th amino acid of protein primary struture - a Glutamic acid into Valine. This one alteration changes the tree dimentional structure of hemoglobin beta so, that it forms lond fibres that disrupt the normal circular form of the red blood cells.
What on earth, please repeat the question clearer
There are two ways that can be used to name isotopes of an element. This is best illustrated by examples. We'll use the element chlorine for simplicity.
The first example is the more common one. The formula for this notation is E-m where E is the name of the element and m is the mass number.
(1) Chlorine-35
(2) Chlorine-37
(3) Chlorine 38
Another is less commonly used. The formula for this notation is m^ a L where m is the mass number, a is the atomic number and L is the first letter of the element.
(1) 35^ 35 Cl
(2) 37^ 35 Cl
(3) 38^ 35 Cl
l think it is commensalism-lt is the relationship in which one organism benefits by the other is neither helped nor harmed
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