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Reptile [31]
3 years ago
7

What are the main ideas in dalton's atomic theory?

Chemistry
2 answers:
Ivan3 years ago
4 0
Main points/ideas in Dalton's Atomic Theory:

1. All matter is composed of extremely small particles called atoms.
2. Atoms of a given element are identical in size, mass, and other properties; Atoms of different elements are different in size,mass, and properties.
3. Atoms cannot be divided, created, or destroyed.
4. Atoms of different elements combine in simple whole number ratios to form chemical compounds.
5. In chemical reactions, atoms are combined, separated, and rearranged.

ELEN [110]3 years ago
3 0
The main points of Dalton's atomic theory were:
-Elements are made of extremely small particles called atoms.
-Atoms of a given element are identical<span> in size, </span>mass<span>, and other properties.
-Atoms of different elements differ in size, </span>mass<span>, and other properties.
-Atoms cannot be subdivided, created, or destroyed.</span>
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Answer : The new density and new volume of carbon dioxide gas is 0.2281 g/L and 7.2m^3 respectively.

Explanation :

First we have to calculate the new or final volume of carbon dioxide gas.

Combined gas law is the combination of Boyle's law, Charles's law and Gay-Lussac's law.

The combined gas equation is,

\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}

where,

P_1 = initial pressure of gas = 10 kPa

P_2 = final pressure of gas = 15 kPa

V_1 = initial volume of gas = 10m^3

V_2 = final volume of gas = ?

T_1 = initial temperature of gas = 50^oC=273+50=323K

T_2 = final temperature of gas = 75^oC=273+75=348K

Now put all the given values in the above equation, we get:

\frac{10kPa\times 10m^3}{323K}=\frac{15kPa\times V_2}{348K}

V_2=7.2m^3

The new volume of carbon dioxide gas is 7.2m^3

Now we have to calculate the new density of carbon dioxide gas.

PV=nRT\\\\PV=\frac{m}{M}RT\\\\P=\frac{m}{V}\frac{RT}{M}\\\\P=\rho \frac{RT}{M}\\\\\rho=\frac{PM}{RT}

Formula for new density will be:

\rho_2=\frac{P_2M}{RT_2}

where,

P_2 = new pressure of gas = 15 kPa

T_2 = new temperature of gas = 75^oC=273+75=348K

M = molar mass of carbon dioxide gas = 44 g/mole

R = gas constant = 8.314 L.kPa/mol.K

\rho = new density

Now put all the given values in the above equation, we get:

\rho_2=\frac{(15kPa)\times (44g/mole)}{(8.314L.kPa/mol.K)\times (348K)}

\rho_2=0.2281g/L

The new density of carbon dioxide gas is 0.2281 g/L

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