Answer:
Explanation:
DNA is deoxyribose nucleic acid. It is a double helical structure. It remains in the coiled form so as to make the information stored in the small region within the cell. The sequence of bases allows the information to be stored in the coded form so as to promote the synthesis of proteins. Complementary base pairing allows the DNA molecule to replicate itself.
When the influenza virus enters an epithelial cell, the infected cell responds by posting antigens and acting as a flag for cytotoxic T cells.
<h3>What is the cell-mediated response?</h3>
The cell-mediated response is a type of immune response where the organism is able to respond to pathogens by immune cells.
Macrophages (as well as other immune cells ) can act during cell-mediated immune responses.
In conclusion, when the influenza virus enters an epithelial cell, the infected cell responds by posting antigens and acting as a flag for cytotoxic T cells.
Learn more about cell mediated responses here:
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Keep it in an aerobic environment, meaning that there should be oxygen present. Fermentation is anaerobic, hence aerobic conditions will prevent fermentation from occurring.
Because solutes decrease water potential, water movement in cells is influenced by their concentration.
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