Caffeine works as an adenosine receptor antagonists, this essentially means that it works in the opposite manner or works against the receptor. Think of antagonist in the term of literature it goes against the agonist. Adenosine when bond to the receptor causes tiredness, this is the reason why people drink caffeine to stay wake and to prevent cognitive decline from exhaustion. So caffeine doesn’t really effect learning or memory to a large extent like other stimulants do. So basically caffeine increases wakefulness which in turn allows a person to focus longer, slight increase in memory, and more of a sorted out thought process.
The scientist that presented that deoxyribonucleic acid contained equal quantities of certain nitrogen bases is Chargaff. In addition, Chargaff’s rules state that deoxyribonucleic acid from any cell of all organisms must have a 1:1 ratio which is base pair rule of pyrimidine and purine bases and more precisely that the total of guanine is equal to cytosine and the total of adenine is equal to thymine. This configuration is found in together strands of the deoxyribonucleic acid.
Ans.
The Sanger sequencing or chain-termination method for sequencing involves use of ddNTPs (dideoxyribonucleotide triphosphates) to identify the sequence of nucleotides in a DNA segment. The ddNTPs are nucleotide derivatives that lack both the 2'- and 3'-hydroxyl group, hence called dideoxyribonucleotides. When a ddNTP is added to a growing chain of DNA, absence of 3'-hydroxyl group leads to termination of growing chain as this ddNTP cannot make phosphodiester bond with a NTP and DNA sequence can be identified.
Thus, the correct answer is option C).
Answer:
the answer is c
Explanation:
an educated guess is a hypothesis, so that leaves two answers. an idea supported by evidence is basically the same as a hypothesis.
Answer:
Homeostasis helps maintain a stable, relatively constant internal environment.
