Question

2. How do the effects of insulin resistance compound to decrease cellular responses to insulin?

Answer 1

Insulin resistance results in a decrease uptake of glucose from the bloodstream. This causes high blood glucose levels which in turn stimulate pancreatic cells to continue to secrete insulin.

Further Explanation:

Insulin is a kind of a hormone in the body produced by the pancreatic cell. It increases the rate of absorption glucose in the body and maintains the level of glucose in the body. When there is any disturbance in this hormone. Then this can cause several health and body dysfunction. Diabetes is a kind of disease which is developed when the level of glucose is elevated in blood than the normal level.

The insulin receptor has very low kinase activity which leads to very less binding sites for the singling effectors. Therefore; the signaling factor are less activated. Also, feedback inhibition decreases the cellular binding of insulin to receptor. This leads to high glucose level in body. Thus, the insulin resistance compound increase the glucose level in blood and cause severe health disease. Also the cell requires higher level of insulin that means the cells that react to insulin are become resistant to its effect.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High school

Subject: Health

Topic: Insulin

Keywords:

Insulin, diabetes, receptor, glucose, level, activated, feedback, concentration, health disease, cell, binding, kinase, effect, hormone, diabetes.

Answer 2

Answer and explanation;

-The insulin receptor itself has decreased kinase activity leading to fewer binding sites for singling effectors to become activated.

Therefore; the signaling effectors are less likely to be activated.

-Additionally,, feedback inhibition decreases signaling effector binding to receptor.

-The lack of activation of these initial signaling effectors prevents any subsequent steps from happening.

-We can thus conclude this by saying that higher insulin concentrations are necessary to obtain the same level of signaling leading to physiological effects that would exist in someone without type-2 diabetes.

-Also the requirement for higher insulin concentration means that the cells that respond to insulin are resistant to its effect.