Answer:
while development activity there is a threat to industry because when there is development there is chance of establishing other industries which directly affects other industries
Sorry for any mistakes
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The profession that will allow Mary interpret laws and codes for different individuals and companies is the attorney profession.
<h3>What does the
profession of
attorney entails?</h3>
Basically, an attorney refers to a legal profession who are appointed to act for other firm or individual in either business or legal matters.
The attorney also performs the role of advising their clients regarding their litigation and the legal issues they might be face in a pending case.
Thus, the profession that will allow Mary interpret laws and codes for different individuals and companies is the attorney profession.
Therefore, the Option B is correct.
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Answer: Ultramares corporation v. Touche established Ultramares doctrine. Hochfelder v. Ernst & Ernst ruled that scienter is required before CPAs can be held liable.
Explanation:
All the options except the above are true. Ultramares corporation v. Touche did establish the Ultramares doctrine.
United States v. Natelli sentenced two CPAs to prison for a year, in addition to fines, for violating the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Bily v. Arthur Young did not uphold the restatement doctrine. The restatement doctrine restatement doctrine makes an auditor liable to people who rely on the quality of his work be they his clients or third parties. Two high courts ruled that auditors are not liable to third parties who use their work but only to the party that contracted their work.
However, Hochfelder v. Ernst & Ernst ruled that an allegation of scienter (an intention to deceive) is not required before CPAs can be held liable as long as the actions constitute actual deception.
While rule 10b-5 of the Exchange Act states the presence of scienter as a requirement to commit an offense, the court ruled against the statute by eliminating the Scienter clause from criminal statute and ruled against Ernst & Ernst.