Answer: alternative D.
Explanation: The animals that go through this process understand that everytime they drink the unusual-tasting liquid they will be injected, being that a very unpleasant series of events. They are conditioned, therefore, to be afraid of the unpleasantness of this process by associating pain to the actions that are part of it.
The answer is C. a limited range of motion
<span>basic research investigates fundamental aspects of behavior, whereas applied research investigates solutions for real-world problems</span>
