<span>The effects of stress on the body can and is very extreme, especially on the immune system. Being in a stressful situation causes chemicals that are stress hormones to to be supplied to the body which is useful but too much can interfere with the functions of the immune system. This can cause a greater risk of tissue damage and infection but not only that it reduces the amount of white blood cells.</span>
Tennessee Williams(1911-1983) Arthur Miller(1915-2005)
According to the Constitution, the SCOTUS has both appellate and original jurisdiction. Original jurisdiction means cases that are heard for the first time in the Supreme Court. These are usually high ranking cases that involve disputes between states or between high ranking officials.
Appellate cases make up the majority of cases heard by the SCOTUS. These are cases that have been heard before by lowers courts throughout the country. Unsatisfied parties with a lower court judgment submit a petition to the SCOTUS, called Writ of Certiorari. The SCOTUS then has all the files from the lower court case sent to it for examination. Four of the nine Justices must accept to hear a case for it to be heard by the SCOTUS. If the Justices accept the case, it is placed on the docket of cases to hear. The petitioner is granted a certain amount of time to write his brief on the case (no more than 50 pages). The opposite party, called the respondent, also has some time to submit its 50 pages brief.
After this initial process, both parties respond to each other’s brief with a shorter brief. The SCOTUS may also grant permissions to groups that are not directly involved in the legal dispute to provide their own file with recommendations and arguments in favor of the side they support. Such brief is called amicus curiae (friend of the Court, in Latin). The SCOTUS hears the oral arguments for both parties sometime between October and April. These proceedings are open to the public and usually start at 10am. Each hearing lasts an hour and each party has 30 minutes to present its argument. The hearing is interrogative (Justices ask questions to each party about their position). Petitioners speak first and respondents follow suit. If petitioners have saved time for a rebuttal, they will be the last to speak.
The Justices meet twice every week to review the cases and vote on a decision. This meeting is called the Justices’ Conference. After the result of the vote is available, any dissenting Justices may write a dissenting opinion on the final decision. If they vote ends up in a tie (because one of the Justices is unavailable), the lower court’s decision stands. In very rare occasions, a majority opinion may be changed if a Justice reverses his/her vote. It is only when opinions are disclosed in public open court hearings that they are official and final.
Nationalization is the transfer of a major branch of industry or commerce from private to state ownership or control.
<u>Answer:
</u>
Dialogue with the audience
<u>Explanation:
</u>
The term Communication apprehension that is related to anxiety and related to real communication with people. This is a problem of communication in front of public speakers. When a person start to experience comprehension apprehension, he/she start to exhibit physical symptoms such as tremor in hands, fear, increase heartbeat, nausea, stomach butterflies, rapid breathing and shaking, dry mouth sensation and stuttering voice.
<u>There are five strategy </u>
- Think positively
- Organize your ideas clearly
- Practice in a similar environment
- Manage your physical reaction
<u>Dialogue with audience/ engage your ideas with the audience:
</u>
Many speakers feel comprehension apprehension because of the perception they have in their minds related to the audience. This perception is crueler than reality. So it's very important to engage the audience. When you start to speak say something that elicits a response from audiences.
For example, say a funny story to ask a question.
