The correct answer is (d.) proteins. Higher organisms use nitrogen to make their protein. Food that is containing protein also involves nitrogen in it. Protein also has amino acids that contain nitrogen in it which is a necessary essential nutrient for the body.
Due to the overproduction of offspring with only finite resources, species begin to engage in competition for survival. In order to increase their chance of survival, certain species will begin to develop genetic variations that allow them survival advantages.
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Answer: Gases
Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.
Because asexual reproduction involves a single parent, the offspring will be exactly like that parent.