Answer:
DNA restriction enzymes cut the DNA molecule, while DNA ligases join the resulting DNA fragments
Explanation:
Transformation is a naturally occurring process by which bacteria incorporate exogenous genetic material from their surrounding environment. This process (transformation) is used for DNA cloning via plasmid vectors. In DNA cloning, transformation occurs after restriction enzymes cut the DNA at specific sequences named palindromic sequences (i.e, sequences that can be read the same in opposite direction). Restriction enzymes can generate sticky-ends, where enzymes make staggered cuts in the two strands (e.g., <em>BamH</em>), or blunt ends, where the resulting strands are of the same length (e.g., <em>HaeIII</em>). In general, sticky-end enzymes are more useful because they generate a 3' overhang in one molecule and a complementary 5' overhang in the other, increasing the yield and specificity of ligation. During ligation, a DNA ligase is used to join both DNA strands by forming phosphodiester bonds in the plasmid. Following transformation, bacteria can be selected on antibiotic plates.
<u>afferent signals</u> flow inward to the central nervous system from sensors in the periphery, while <u>efferent signals</u> flow outward from the central nervous system to the periphery.
Due to technical problems, you will find the complete explanation about the reflex arc in the attached files.
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Explanation:
Most of Earth's carbon is stored in rocks and sediments.
Answer:
option B
Explanation:
igneous rocks are the rocks which are formed by the cooling of molten magma cooling can be on the surface or below the earth surface.
sedimentary surface is the rocks which are formed by the weathering or some chemical action upon the rock due to the passage of time.
metamorphic rocks are those rocks which are formed due to the high pressure and temperature acted on the rocks.
so, the best answer will be sedimentary rock
hence, the correct answer is option B
The fossils from prehistoric organisms can be compared to present day organisms showing the differences in how much thwy have changed.
