Along the flow direction, the boundary layer's thickness varies. For ReT values between 260 and 780, the boundary layer thickness—defined as the depth at which the normalized concentration has a value of 1/e—ranges between 800 and 250 m.
<h3>What is the Boundary layer?</h3>
- A boundary layer is the thin layer of fluid that forms immediately around a bounded surface in physics and fluid mechanics as a result of the fluid flowing along the surface.
- A no-slip boundary condition is created as a result of the fluid and wall interaction (zero velocity at the wall).
- After that, the flow velocity above the surface steadily rises until it reaches the bulk flow velocity again.
- The term "velocity boundary layer" refers to the thin layer of fluid whose velocity has not yet recovered to that of the main flow.
<h3>What purpose does a boundary layer serve?</h3>
- Because it is on the fluid's boundary, engineers refer to this layer as the boundary layer.
- Many aerodynamics issues, such as wing stall, skin friction drag on an object, and the heat transfer that takes place in high-speed flight, depend heavily on the specifics of the flow within the boundary layer.
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Answer & Explanation:
a)
Lenz's law states that the direction of induced electric current is always such that, it opposes the change in magnetic flux.
In a drop ride, the hub on which we sit and are hung to is an electromagnet and there are many such magnets mounted on the columns of the support. what happens is these electromagnets (in support) generate a repulsive magnetic field with respect to the field generated by the hub solenoids. this results in lift generation till the top of ride. reaching the top, the bar solenoids are at their maximum repulsive force. Then the solenoids in column are set current less means electric supply is cut off. this makes you fall under the effect of gravity. by the time you are half way down, column solenoids are turned on again. As the hub solenoid approaches every single electromagnet in supporting columns. Due to change in magnetic field (with respect to lenz's law) an opposing current induces further providing resistance to the fall, this continues until the ride comes to rest completely. This is how it works.
c) In addition, highly compressive springs, dampers, viscous dampers, etc. could be used in its place.
but the above listed cannot provide a differential braking,
have a limited lifecycle,
will provide resistance during lift also,
require higher maintenance
Answer:

Explanation:
We have series and parallel combination of two resisters
and
.
Series combination is
and Parallel is
Now dividing series equivalent resistance by parallel resistance gives us
.
Note! series Combination is simply superposition of two elements (resisters in this case ) in a circuit.
Answer:

Explanation:
When teacher falls into the cliff then she shout for Help at the same time
so here we know that sound will go down and reflect back up
so here in 3 s distance traveled by the sound



now in the same time the distance that teacher will fall down is given as



now total distance traveled by teacher and sound in 3 s


this total distance must be equal to twice the height of the cliff

