Ions are particles formed when an atom of an element looses or gains electrons to attain a stable configuration.They are either positively charged (cations) or negatively charged (anions). Ionic crystals consists of ions bound together by electrostatic attraction forming a regular arrangement, geometric structure called crystal lattice. In an ionic solid the ions are held by strong attractive forces (tightly bound) and cannot move from their positions in the crystal structure and therefore, do not conduct electricity.
Answer:
Tangential acceleration is in the direction of velocity - along the circumference of a circle if the object is undergoing circular motion
a = (V2 - V1) / T
Radial acceleration is perpendicular to the direction of motion if the object is not moving in a straight line (perhaps along the circumference of a circle)
a = m V^2 / R = m ω^2 R where R is the radius vector of the velocity - note that the Radius vector is directed from the center of motion to the object and for circular motion would be constant in magnitude but not in direction
Answer:
Speed- 48m/s..........................................
Mechanical advantage is a measure of the force amplification
achieved by using a tool, mechanical device or machine system. Ideally,
the device preserves the input power and simply trades off forces
against movement to obtain a desired amplification in the output force.
The model for this is the <span>law of the lever.</span> Machine components designed to manage forces and movement in this way are called mechanisms.
An ideal mechanism transmits power without adding to or subtracting
from it. This means the ideal mechanism does not include a power source,
and is frictionless and constructed from rigid bodies that do not
deflect or wear. The performance of a real system relative to this ideal
is expressed in terms of efficiency factors that take into account
friction, deformation and wear.
