Answer:
The correct answer is A. Spain, Portugal and other European countries were in competition to find a sea route to the Indies.
Explanation:
With the fall of the Byzantine Empire at the hands of the Ottomans and the establishment of an iron and effective control of the Middle East trade routes by the Muslims, the European nations lost access to the main markets of the East in which they obtained different goods of high commercial value, such as spices or fabrics.
Due to this situation, the main European powers, especially Spain, Portugal and Great Britain, began to look for alternative routes to access India and China without having to go through the Middle East. Thus, the Portuguese began to create routes bordering the African continent, establishing coastal colonies in Africa and the coasts of the Indian Ocean. Meanwhile, Spain began to finance explorations in the opposite direction, with the conviction that the theory that the Earth was round was indeed correct.
Finally, Spain discovered America through these explorations, while Portugal established colonies in India and China, such as Goa and Macao.
Sputnik was the first satellite launched into space and was created by the Soviet Union. Launching this satellite into space terrified American citizens, as they were worried that the Soviet Union was more technologically advanced and they were worried about what they might do with the new technology.
In order to compete with the Soviet Union, American citizens demanded a bigger emphasis in American schools on the field of science, math, and engineering. American citizens realized that making new advancements in this field would help America to remain a global superpower. The launching of Sputnik and the constant competition between the US and Soviet Union after this point would be known in American history as the "Space Age." This was when the US and Soviet competed over scientific and space related accomplishments.
The Immigration Act of 1924 produced highly discriminatory results because it set a max on how many immigrants could come to the US depending on what country they came from.
For example, there were many more opportunities for citizens from countries like Germany, Great Britain, and Sweden in comparison to individuals from Italy or Russia. Here are some numbers to support this claim:
Germany's Quota (aka amount that could come into US)- 51,227
Great Britain and Northern Ireland's Quota- 34,0007
Sweden's Quota- 9,561
Italy's Quota- 3,845
Russia's Quota-2, 248.
