The answer is decomposers.
After the death of producers and consumers, decomposers (such as Actinobacteria, or other bacteria which are prokaryotes) eat that dead organisms and carbon, nitrogen, and other elements are released into the environment. It should be taken into consideration that eukaryotes (such as fungi) can be decomposers as well.
You are correct. The higher something is, the more potential energy it has.
Skin is a barrier that serves as one of the body's first lines of defense against harmful microbes. Specialized immune cells within skin tissue help to fight invading organisms. Past work by an NIH research team showed that commensals can help the body's immune cells fight disease-causing microbes.
Hope this helps you!
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A chemical bond is a lasting attraction between atoms, ions or molecules that enables the formation of chemical compounds. The bond may result from the electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions as in ionic bonds or through the sharing of electrons as in covalent bonds.
