Answer:
Non metals join to form covalent bond.
Explanation:
Covalent bond:
It is formed by the sharing of electron pair between bonded atoms.
The atom with larger electronegativity attract the electron pair more towards it self and becomes partial negative while the other atom becomes partial positive.
For example:
In water the electronegativity of oxygen is 3.44 and hydrogen is 2.2. That's why electron pair attracted more towards oxygen, thus oxygen becomes partial negative and hydrogen becomes partial positive.
Both atoms bonded through covalent bond.
In Cl₂ both chlorine atoms are bonded through the covalent bond.
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The atomic number for Pb is 82
∴ Pb has 82 protons and 206-82 = 14 protons
The actual mass of Pb nuclei is
=(82 × mass of the proton) + (124 × mass of neutron)
=(82× 1.00728) + (124 × 1.008664) amu
= 207.6713 amu
The mass of lead which is given is 205.9744 amu
∴mass defect is
m = 207.6713 - 205.9744 = 1.6969 amu
=1.6969 × 1.66054 × 10⁻²⁷kg
=2.818 × 10⁻²⁷kg
The binding energy is E = mc²
C is the speed of light in vacuum = 2.9979 × 10⁸m/s
∴ E = 2.532 × 10×⁻¹⁰ J/mol
= 2.532 × 10⁻¹⁰ × 6.023 × 10²³ J/mol
= 1.53811 × 10¹⁴ J/mol
A, because the number of valence shell electrons (outer shell electrons) tells us how much the element or compound wants to bond or give up electrons. Most compounds and elements want to have eight valence ectrons in it's outer ring. So if an atom is far away from having eight, it will want to react more often.
